In our daily lives, we encounter different uses of technology. In actuality, we can’t even imagine our life without technology. In a nutshell, technology enables us to work efficiently with minimum effort. One of the blessings of technology is the development of “embedded systems.” But before specifically knowing about different embedded modules for hobbyists, let us talk about what is embedded system?
Embedded System
An embedded system is a computer system specially designed to perform specific functions within a larger product. An embedded system is a very complex yet effective system that, unlike typical computers or laptops, targets users having specific requirements.
Embedded System Vs Embedded Modules
The terms embedded system and embedded modules are sometimes confused with each other. However, these two are not the same.
Embedded systems are computer systems that fulfill the requirements of the users by performing dedicated operations. This system, which is an integration of hardware (such as microcontrollers and microprocessors) and software encompasses a wide range of functions, from simple household tasks such as controlling a microwave oven to many complex actions such as automotive control systems.
On the other hand, Embedded Modules are the hardware components that are destined to be integrated with an Embedded System. They are destined for a specific function. In simple words, an embedded system consists of building blocks of embedded modules.
The Ultimate Guide to Embedded Modules for Hobbyists
Scientists have invented different embedded modules due to their versatility in functionality. You can have a long list of different embedded modules no matter if you are a beginner or an expert hobbyist for embedded modules. However, we tried to sum up the list in the following embedded modules:
1- Raspberry Pi
On strict criteria, some people don’t consider Raspberry Pi really an embedded module. However, it still has versatile functions, and therefore, is commonly chosen by different hobbyists. It is a single-board small computer (or most commonly a credit card-sized computer) that you can plug into a television or a computer monitor. Just like a computer, it uses a standard mouse and a keyboard.
2- Particle Photon
It is yet an amazing embedded module. It is a tiny Wi-Fi development kit that is fully integrated with connected products for the Internet of Things (IoT). Many hobbyists find it convenient since it is easy to use with just basic knowledge. Particle Photon may also be connected to the cloud making it a powerful board. Among the list of its components, the following are the most prominent:
- Connectors
- LEDs
- Wi-Fi Modules
- STM32 Controllers
- Reset and set buttons
- Micro USB Port
- Antenna
- Particle Cloud integration
- Connectors
3- Arduino
One of the most charming embedded modules for students, professionals, or hobbyists includes Arduino. It is an open-source electronic platform that enables its users to build many interactive electronic projects by fusing the basis of hardware and software tools.
The hardware boards offered by Arduino-type embedded modules include Arduino Mega, Arduino Nano, Arduino Uno, etc. These boards are most recently equipped with microchip technology or ARM-based microcontrollers, forming the brain of the project. The programming language for Arduino includes C or C++, making it easier for beginner hobbyists to code. Nowadays, Arduino functions from simple LED blinking projects to advanced robotics, home automation, and data logging.
4- ESP8266 and ESP32
These Arduino IDE-compatible modules, which are both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth enabled, are common among hobbyists for their IoT projects. Both of these support SPI, I2C, and UART protocols.
There is a slight difference in their functioning. ESP32 comes with a dual-core CPU processor but ESP8266 is a single-core processor. There is also a difference in their operating frequency. ESP8266 operates at 80MHz, but ESP32 operates at 160-240 MHz.
If one wants to compare ESP32 with ESP8266, there is a clear-cut win for ESP32, since it provides a good memory size and better processor. Moreover, ESP32 comes with hi-tech security and, hence is more reliable.
5- STM32 Nucleo
STMicroelectronics develops these boards. It is a series of embedded modules that generally target engineers and students who need to develop applications and embedded systems that target STMicroelectronics’ microcontroller family. The microcontroller is also known as the heart of the nucleo board and it comes in different models depending upon the different versions of the nucleo’s board. Some hobbyists also extend STM32 by adding Arduino modules. This enhances its functionality and makes it more suitable for many hobbyists.
6- BeagleBone
To most, BeagleBone is similar in appearance just like Raspberry Pi (i.e. it is also the size of a credit card and is a mini computer). Moreover, computer accessories like a keyboard and mouse can also be attached to it making it a portable mini-sized computer. BeagleBone may be extended to many embedded systems such as gaming devices, advanced robots, 3D printers, and much more. BeagleBone is also easy to use. It just needs an operating system (just like an ordinary laptop or computer) to run. Some hobbyists also use Linux versions that are available on BeagleBone. Among these Linux versions, Debian or Angstrom are the most common. Many other components of electronics may also be connected to BeagleBone since it has a lot of pins available.
7- Teensy
Famous for their speed and power, teensy boards are chosen by different hobbyists to make suitable projects. Some people don’t consider teensy as an embedded module, however, it is often confused. It has great processing capability. It is a USB-based microcontroller system in which all of the programming can be done through a USB port. It has good audio processing making it a popular choice for those hobbyists having audio-related projects. Robotic projects are also being performed by teeny boards. Teensy boards are also Arduino compatible. It comes in various frequencies like 72 MHz cortex-M4 (for teensy 3.2), 120MHz cortex M4F (for teensy 3.5), 180 MHz cortex M4F (for teensy 3.6), and so on.
The Bottom Line:
Hobbyists are always in search of new technology due to their interest in developing projects. This led to the discovery of new varieties of embedded modules making progress day by day. Thus the advancement of embedded systems through different embedded modules led to the never-ending interest of engineers to progress even further.
